Sound and lighting equipment for theaters

The sound reinforcement system in the theater must convey the full picture of the performance to the audience. Any sound effects created in a performance by a sound engineer must be audible anywhere in the audience with the intended volume and visual sensation. It is possible to achieve any full house in a theater with high-quality sound, but this is not always facilitated by high-quality acoustic systems, but by their choice and location.

The theater's main sound system (FOH) is almost always located on the right and left sides of the stage, above the proscenium and/or on the portal wall, preferably without blocking the stage window. There are exceptions, when the stage window is very wide and there is no space for installing or hanging portal speaker systems, then the most minimally sized speaker systems are selected for both the left, right and center channels. The main sound system can be either a single loudspeaker or a set of several acoustic systems, for example a line array. The task of the FOH system is to cover as much of the audience seats as possible: stalls, mezzanine, balconies, under balconies and others. It is not always possible to adequately cover the entire space of the theater hall with one system; to help maintain a uniform sound signal level, additional speaker systems are added to the portal system: Delay, Front Fill, Down Fill, Out Fill.

At a certain distance from the portal wall or from the stage window, the sound signal level decreases; to maintain the sound level and frequency response of the musical signal for distant places, it is suggested to install a second, third or fourth Delay line. A delay line is installed under the balcony space to improve frequency response or maintain sound level. For remote places in the stalls, acoustic systems of the delay line, loudspeakers are installed that have similar components as the acoustics of the portal system. There are cases when the viewing areas of the balcony cannot be covered by portal loudspeakers, then with the help of an additional delay line a separate system is installed for the balcony of the theater hall.